Dmg Vs Pkg
Changing dmg to zip is now easy! To convert DMG to PKG (a macOS installer package file) requires that you first extract the contents of the DMG file and then build a new PKG file using that data. Extract/Convert to ISO any disk image Create ISO from CD/DVD/Blu-ray disks and folders. Support of DMG, RAR, 7Z, PKG. (20+ formats) Command line support The DMG file extension was specifically designed for Macintosh computers and users are likely to have a lot of trouble if trying to use them on a Windows device. There may be instances where one can convert the files, but it probably needed to look for additional utilities that will allow the file to be accessed from the chosen device
PKG files can be found on Apple computers running under Mac OS X. These files contain a package of compressed files used for the installation of different software on a Mac. Software contained in a PKG file can be installed by simply double-clicking on the PKG. To view the individual contents, a right-click is needed Convert DMG (Apple Disk Image) archive file online - The list shows what formats can convert to DMG and what formats can be converted from DMG DMG to 7Z Converter, DMG to 7ZIP Converter, DMG to BZ2 Converter, DMG to BZIP2 Converter, DMG to GZ Converter, DMG to GZIP Converter, DMG to RAR Converter, DMG to TAR Converter, DMG to TAZ Converter, DMG to TBZ Converter, DMG to TBZ2 Converter, DMG to TGZ Converter, DMG to ZIP Converter Dmg To Pkg Converter Online Mp3 A DMG File stands for Disk Image file and it is a file format which is used to create mountable disks on the Macintosh operating system. The DMG File format contains data in the form of blocks which are often secured using encryption methods or are compressed using compression algorithms
Archive Extractor is a small and easy online tool that can extract over 70 types of compressed files, such as 7z, zipx, rar, tar, exe, dmg and much more Right-click on the.pkg file > select Show Package Contents Open the Contents/SharedSupport folder and locate the file named InstallESD.dmg. Copy InstallESD.dmg to another directory of your choosing. This InstallESD.dmg file is what you need to burn/run macOS installer from a DVD?USB PKG files are Mac OS X installation (setup) packages that contain installer scripts ('Scripts' file) and compressed installation files ('Payload' file) that are used to install Mac software applications onto a user's hard drive. With AnyToISO it's possible to extract PKG file contents and even convert it to ISO format, on both Windows and Mac OS X . See this this tutorial on the Spirion Support Portal if you need help. Convert Pkg To Dmg Windows; Convert Iso To Dmg Windows; Jul 18, 2012 Convert DMG to CDR or ISO with Disk Utility
Extract/Convert to ISO any disk image Create ISO from CD/DVD/Blu-ray disks and folders. Support of DMG, RAR, 7Z, PKG... (20+ formats) Command line suppor .3.4.1. It converts various waypoint, route and track file formats to and from OziExplorers own file formats. Formats Supported: - Holux wrt waypoint and tlg track file formats (read and write) - Magellan Mapsend waypoint and track formats (read only) - Magellan GPS memory card waypoint and track formats (read only) - more formats will continue to be adde
Download the provided Chrome Disk Image (.dmg) or Package Installer (.pkg) and the sample profile files. Use your preferred editor to create configuration profiles with your corporate policies. Set up Chrome apps and extensions. Push Chrome Browser and the configuration profiles to your users' Mac computers using your preferred MDM tool. Dmg Vs Pkg Vs App Files that contain the.pkg file extension are most commonly used by the Apple OS X operating system. The Apple PKG files usually contain installer scripts that are used by a variety of Mac programs for software installation purposes.
We are able to convert some pkg format apps without much difficulty. I have now been trying to add Sublime Text and iTerm2 in the Intune. Sublime comes as a dmg, while iTerm2 is a zip archive with .app format and I am following the steps listed here for both . For the purposes of this tutorial, I've chosen Google Chrome to model the creation process, but feel free to substitute.
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Steps to convert macOS DMG files to PKG files. Go to the folder that contains the DMG file. Double click the dmg file and it gets mounted as a virtual disk and reveal its contents. Copy the .app file to the Applications folder in the mac; Eject the DMG file by clicking on eject button. Open Terminal. Build the PKG file using the productbuild. Batch convert dmg files to zip online. Change dmg to zip on Windows, Mac, Iphone or Android in a couple of clicks. Choose File. Select files for conversion or drag and drop them to the upload area. Your files are securely protected and available only to you The standard pkg and the seemlingly standard (but not) dmg. The pkg option will build a standard pkg installer file, which will install with any system that can install pkg files. The dmg option will build a standard dmg disk image file, with the payload of the installer as contents. On its own, however, this dmg cannot do anything How to convert DMG to PKG in MacOS Posted on August 29, 2019 February 21, 2020 by Udhy If you are trying to push some applications in the network where you have macOS, you might need .pkg file rather than .dmg
Access to a macOS device where you can convert and sign the PKG file. DMG File that needs to be converted; Apple Developer account; Step 1: Install or Extract the DMG file. The first step is to double click on the DMG file and extract the *.App to Applications folder. This would install the application on your device Convert files to and from zip online. Choose Files. Choose Files. Drop files here. 100 MB maximum file size or Sign Up. zip. Compressed Archive File. A common format for compressing data. It's used by a large number of applications for the exchange of data, back-ups and file compression. In ZIP archives they use various compression algorithms
Convert image from over 120 image formats to PNG with this free online image converter. Optionally add digital effects to enhance the images How to Convert DMG Files to ISO Files on Windows for free - Download Mac OS X ISO to Installing Mac OS in Windows using Virtualbox 1. Download and Install An..
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PSX/PS1 Emulation; convert pkg files to iso. dmg includes a. frag files to a mp4 file. Extract Require file anywhere on your computer into one folder. 22. 3 for android devices, package name: pdfconverter. I want to play it but I don't want to take up room on my PS3 HDD Is there a way for me to convert my PKG to an ISO and play the game like my. I plan to mass deploy a piece of software, (Mathematica), but the.dmg includes a.app file instead of a.pkg file which is what I need. The guide below shows how to do it with Google Chrome, but. Oct 11, 2010 DMGConverter is a Disk Image (.dmg,.cdr,.iso) creation and conversion tool which is simple and easy to use
Dmg to ISO converter link - http://www.poweriso.com/download.phpIn this video we will see how to convert DMG file into ISO file using PowerISO software.Power.. . You can work with a variety of file formats in Pages on your iPhone or iPad. Check which formats are compatible with Pages on iPhone and iPad. Convert a Pages document in Pages on iPhone or iPad. If you want to open a Pages document in another app like Microsoft Word, use Pages to convert the document to an appropriate. If you want to extract xar/pkg you need to install extra software. B1 Free Archiver opens/extracts xar/pkg file on Mac. B1 Free Archiver is a free software for creating archive folder and extracting archive file. B1 Archiver works on all platforms - Windows, Linux, Mac and Android. The freeware supports most popular formats including xar/pkg Dmg2iso Service Version 1.0 dmg2iso Service is a small service tool for converting Apple Macintosh.dmg images to.iso images by right clicking them. The service is Intel only for Mac OS X ver 10.6 and above. Convert DMG (Apple Disk Image) archive file online - The list shows what formats can convert to DMG and what formats can be converted from DMG Part 1. How to Free Convert DMG to ISO on Mac. If you are a Mac user and have the need to free convert DMG to ISO, you should pay more attention to this part. Two free solutions are offered to make sure you can handily make the DMG file conversion. Convert DMG to ISO with Disk Utility. In fact, it's quite simple to convert DMG to ISO on Mac
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Convert DMG files to ISO for Windows. Details. Rating: 4.3/5. Price: Free. Download. Convert DMG files to ISO is a great tool for the users that are familiar with the two platforms. At the same time, the tool serves an important role when it comes to the software developers who would like to develop windows program on Mac platform DMG to PKG online. How to convert DMG to PKG Mac App for distribution Hexnode Help , They are usually used by macOS software installers downloaded from the internet. PKG files are macOS installation packages which contain installer scripts and The standard pkg and the seemlingly standard (but not) dmg. The pkg option will build a standard pkg.
dmg2img <source file.dmg> <destination file.iso> For example, if want to convert a DMG file named as abcdef.dmg then type the following command line dmg2img C:UsersAdministratorDesktopabcde.dmg C:UsersAdministratorDocumentsconvertabcde.iso Step 6. After you have hit enter, the file will be converter in no time. Step 7 Here's how to convert a DMG file into an ISO file that can be mounted on a Windows PC. First head over to this website and grab yourself a copy of dmg2img by clicking on the win32 binary link. Once the file has downloaded, open your Downloads folder, right click on the file, and select extract all from the context menu I've noticed that many downloads are a dmg (disk image) that contains a single pkg file (installation package). Usually the pkg seems to be already compressed since the dmg doesn't reduce the file size much if any. Example: MonoFramework-MDK-2.10.6_1.macos10.xamarin.x86.dmg is 119,242,061 bytes (119.2 MB on disk
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- Convert your images from PNG to JPG online and for free, applying proper compression methods. This free online tool converts your PNG images to JPEG format, applying proper compression methods. Unlike other services, this tool does not ask for your email address, offers mass conversion and allows files up to 50 MB
- Yeah ive tried that one with 3 pkgs and the result is a black screen. maybe the games i tried haven't had a fix pkg or i just placed things wrong and effed it up.. but i'll try it again and post here if i have success! UPDATE: I have converted a pkg game to an iso and when i run prepNTFS, the game gets magically deleted
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- Sometimes you find an installation file in a .pkg or .mpkg file. How can we extract the files form these files? You can try unpkg - which seems to support PKG and MPKG files a like - but it sometimes fails on MPKG files. But we can do it manually as well Typically such a package is located on a DMG file that has been mounted, let's assume this DMG is called MyApp.DMG, and therefor that.
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- Software that can be used for conversion of dmg file type to apk format. There is no way how disk images from Mac platform (.dmg) to Android installation packages (.apk), which means dmg to apk conversion is not possible. If you are trying to somehow install macOS (Mac OS X) app on Android, it won't work because it is a different platform.You will have to look of if the developer of Mac app.
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- Now we convert the DMG disk image file to an ISO disk image file (technically a CDR file but it's the same as an iso) hdiutil convert /tmp/Mojave.dmg -format UDTO -o ~/Desktop/Mojave.cdr. Finally, we rename the CDR file extension to ISO to convert the CDR to ISO: mv ~/Desktop/Mojave.cdr ~/Desktop/Mojave.is
- Convert a .PKG to .DMG. Ask Question Asked 3 years, 1 month ago. Active 3 years, 1 month ago. Viewed 3k times 1. We're trying to deploy an application in .pkg format in our environment to a few Macs. Unfortunately, the application installer is in a .pkg format and we are unable to deploy it in this state
- Wrapping a .pkg App (Citrix Receiver) The process of wrapping a .pkg file is exactly the same as in the example above. However, here we have the situation, that the specified .dmg has two executables in it. CMAppUtil will pause the wrapping and ask, you as seen above, to choose the correct installer. In this example 1
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The PKG file can be deleted once the installation is complete. Steps to convert '.app' file to '.pkg' file using Terminal. Oct 17, 2019 Creating a 'DMG installer' for OS X. A DMG Installer is convenient way to provide end-users a simple way to install an application bundle Dmg file is the disc image file which is widely used by Mac systems. Most of Mac operating systems and applications are distributed in dmg files. On Windows PC, it is very convenient to manipulate dmg files with PowerISO. You can open dmg file, convert it to iso file, or burn it to a CD / DVD disc. To convert it to iso file, please follow the. Nero Dmg To Iso Converter Android File Transfer Is Only A Dmg File Mac Os X Snow Leopard 10.6 10a432 Retail Dmg How To Download Os X Mojave Dmg App Store Free Download Dmg Extractor Full Version Os X Mavericks Dmg To Usb Mac Os Locate Yosemite Dmg Adobe Acrobat Pro Dc V2015.dmg Installesd Dmg.pkg To Us
AnyToISO is a simple program that lets users convert their files to ISO format. Ultimate Version of Windows Creator ISO: It can drive ISO from almost everything including all popular CD / DVD image formats on the Internet (NRG, MDF, UIF, DMG, ISZ, BIN, DAA, PDI, CDI, IMG, etc.) Crystal or simply create an ISO file from the computer folder Step 6 - Convert the Sparse Disk of your macOS install media to a DMG file. After this step we will have a macOS install media in the shape of a DMG file. Feel free to rename, copy and/or move it around as any other file. Execute this in Terminal One of the supported file systems for a dmg is ISO-9660, so you can treat an ISO-9660 image as an uncompressed dmg. The file produced by genisomage in my example above is a valid dmg, so the example does directly convert a folder to a dmg---but I suspect that this doesn't answer your question. - uckelman Jan 27 at 0:1 Just drag and drop a file or folder, and DropDMG automatically figures out what to do: create a disk image, convert to another format, join files, etc. : Deliver your Mac app on a .dmg file with a software license agreement, a custom volume icon, and a precise icon layout atop a Retina-optimized background picture. Customers can install simply by dragging and dropping the app onto the.
This will allow you to dig into the .pkg file and navigate to the font files. Step 3: Open the .pkg file using 7zip. The fonts will be found by navigating to San Francisco Pro.pkg > Payload > Payload > . > Library > Fonts. Select all of the font files and click the Extract button in the top navigation of 7zip This free online PNG to PDF converter allows to combine multiple images into a single PDF document. Besides PNG, this tool supports conversion of JPG, BMP, GIF, and TIFF images Step 1 - Get the app package (.pkg file) First you need to acquire the app as a .pkg file. ( Conversion of other formats e.g. .DMG to .PKG is not supported. Pkg To Dmg Convert Online How To Install Dmg On Macbook Air Do Enchantwrs Get A Aoe Dmg Spell In Eq Disable Dmg Verification In High Sierra On Windows Create A Dmg From Dvd What Does Dmg Mori O Dmg To Iso Converter For Linux How Long Till Server Dmg Without Oxygen Bootcamp 3.1 Dmg Download.
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Unfortunately, we do not know about any reliable program that can convert apk to tpk or some other tool that can directly convert android .apk packages to .tpk Tizen files. There once was an online tool called Polaris App Generator from Infraware (polaris app converter), but this seems to be defunct now and no longer available. Updated: January. How To Install Dmg Pkg Bypassing Running 10.6 Requirements Marvel Studios Paramount Pictures Dmg Entertainment Create Dmg On Linux Electron and such a user may be in need of a DNG to ISO converter. This is because DMG is the standard disk and in image compression format in Mac.. Apple has just dropped the new version of macOS, macOS Catalina, which was introduced back in June during the WWDC 2019 keynote. And like previous years, many users are looking for direct download links for macOS Catalina, rather than going the usual route via System Preferences or the Mac App Store (MAS)
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PKG -> TGZ; It is recommended to convert item 1 using P-CAD; operations 2-5 require Alien. Why PKG and what are its advantages. Perhaps, the main advantage of PKG extension is its versatility. Hardly any format supports its operation in three operating systems at once: Linux, Windows, and Mac. Of course, the correct operation of each operating. Before we start, let's download a dmg file from the public domain. I found one on Apple's article abo. Apr 02, 2009 AnyToISO Free DMG to ISO converter download - small and easy CD/DVD image converter for Windows and macOS, converts DMG image to ISO standard image. What is more is can also Extract DMG files on Windows and Mac Non-Macintosh systems may access DMG files and extract or convert them to ISO image files for burning. Several applications are designed to offer this solution for Windows systems. 7-Zip and DMG Extractor are the best options to open DMG file on Windows because they are compatible with the most DMG variations
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Online and free png to zip converter Fast and easy Just drop your png files on the page to convert zip or you can convert it to more than 250 different file formats without registration, giving an email or watermark Download and install macOS Big Sur without MAS / System Preferences. In macOS, whenever you download a new system update, some package files are downloaded to your computer, and then processed by the Software Update utility, to convert them into an executable .app file
Manually creating DMG Files is extremely simple, but if you still feel that you would like to explore the option of downloading a DMG application, research the different apps out there and compare their ratings and customer reviews. There are a few options out there that have helped to make the process of creating a DMG File much simpler Cd-rom To Dmg On A Mac How Much Crist Spell Dmg Classic Wow Rename Dmg To Iso Terminal Spell Point Variant 5e Dmg Page Diablo 3 Grin Reaper Benefit From Pet Dmg Pkg To Dmg Convert Online Diablo 3 Percent Damage Vs Regular Dmg Monsters Resistant To Slash Pierce Bludg Dmg Dnd 5e Dnd 5e Dmg Loot Tabl Extract/Convert to ISO any disk image Create ISO from CD/DVD/Blu-ray disks and folders. Support of DMG, RAR, 7Z, PKG. (20+ formats) Command line support. If you've struggled to convert a format to ISO then you might find AnyToISO Converter offers a simple but effective solution. ApinSoft PDF to EXE Converter. ApinSoft PDF to EXE Converter is an application that will help you convert PDF file to self-running EXE file. ApinSoft PDF to EXE Converter encrypt the original PDF file, the output EXE files get the PDF data through memory stream, so your users cannot get it in his/her computer hard disk, This feature will strongly protect your PDF, it can prevent users from.
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- Our file converter will help you to convert any files: documents, images, audio, and video formats for free. No installation is required for our online converter
- A file format like is a standard way that information is encoded for storage in a computer file. The format specifies how bits are used to encode information in a digital storage medium. File formats may be either proprietary or free and may be either unpublished or open
- DMG file format is the most widely used disk image file intended to allocate applications and files among the Apple PCs. It's very convenient to mount DMG files into a virtual drive or can use Apple Disk Utility software to open and view the content of DMG file format
- Pkg converter download. dmg file then use -a property at the end. ovf files to VTK binary saving only the X component. Convert ISOPBP Jun 27, 2015 · We'll see how to convert PKG files of a PSN game into a folder bootable from External Storage (i. pkg file) First you need to acquire the app as a
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- Note: On Mac App Store, the estimated download time was around 15 hours on a 2 Mbps connection. Using a download manager like Folx, the setup package was downloaded within 5 hours on the same connection.. OS X El Capitan [Direct Download] First, download the El Capitan package (.pkg) file from the Apple server using a suitable download manager
- dmg to exe conversion is often searched by users that would like to convert an installer for macOS / OS X app (often saved as .dmg or .app) to installer usable on Windows (.exe, .msi etc.). This is not possible via some conversion utility and it is unlikely that some dmg to exe converter exists
- A .dmg file is a disk image. It's a way of storing files. A .pkg file in an installer package. It's used for installing its contents in to a location on your Mac. Both PKG and DMG file types are used by poker rooms for installing their clients on to your Mac computer. PokerStars for example uses a .pkg file, whereas Full Tilt uses a .dmg file
- Install dmg2img. Next, read the package information page and the manual page to see if it is useful to you.. The application seems to convert .dmg to a file that can be mounted using the mount command:. dmg2img file.dmg imagefile.img From your Wikipedia article, the next command seems to be available to do that:. sudo mount -o loop -t hfsplus imagefile.img /mn
- Convert DMG to ZIP Online & free tool to convert DMG files to ZIP. File; URL; Cloud; 1) Input file. Choose source file(s) to convert: 0 of 5 files added (up to 300 MB combined) 2) Output format. Select a target format to convert to
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- Mudbox installer is originally inside dmg imagefile and inside that is Install Mudubox2018.app. It has subfolders and in one of them is the program itself, mudbox 2018.app. I need to convert the installer to .pkg format and I've tried using pkgbuild and Simple Package Creator but ran in to two different scenarios
Convert a disk image to another format using Disk Utility on Mac. You can convert the image format and encryption of a disk image. For example, if you create a read/write disk image but later want to prevent changes to the image, you can convert it to one of the read-only disk image formats. To convert a DMG file to ISO in Windows, you will. I did not find a good application in windows to mount mac dmg files. Oct 23, 2011 Whenever I try to open a.pkg I am unable to open it, I am told 'There is no application set to open the document filename.pkg' I am also unable to mount.dmg files and I am told the same error; however I am able to mount them using disk utility An exe is a Windows application, so it won't install on OS X or run natively. Similarly you can't convert a dmg to an exe, as a Mac application won't. Convert DMG (Apple Disk Image) archive file online - The list shows what formats can convert to DMG and what formats can be converted from DMG. Toggle navigation AC NVERT.COM On Windows PC, it is very convenient to manipulate dmg files with PowerISO. You can open dmg file, convert it to iso file, or burn it to a CD / DVD disc. To convert it to iso file, please follow the steps, Run PowerISO. Choose Tools > Convert Menu. PowerISO shows Image Converter dialog. Choose the source DMG file you want to convert
Who the hell am I?
I'm @MarcoBehler and I share everything I know about making awesome software through my guides, screencasts, talks and courses.
Follow me on Twitter to find out what I'm currently working on.
You can use this guide to get practical information on how to find and install the latest Java, understand the differences between Java distributions (AdoptOpenJdk, OpenJDK, OracleJDK etc.), as well as get an overview of Java language features, including version Java versions 8-16.
Practical Information
First, let’s have a look at some common, practical questions that people have when trying to choose the right Java version for their project.
TL;DR I only want a download link and know about everything else. Where should I go?
Go to the AdoptOpenJDK site, chose the latest Java version, download and install it. Then come back to this guide to maybe still learn a thing or two about Java versions.
What is the latest Java version?
Dmg Vs Pkg Vs App
As of March 2021, Java 16 is the latest released Java version.
What Java version should I use?
Newer Java versions now follow every 6 months. Hence, Java 17 is scheduled for September 2021, Java 18 for Marc 2022 and so on. In the past, Java release cycles were much longer, up to 3-5 years. This graphic demonstrates that:
With that many new versions coming out, there’s basically these real-world(™) usage scenarios:
Legacy projects in companies are often stuck with using Java 8 (see Why are companies still stuck with Java 8?) . Hence you will be forced to use Java 8 as well.
Some legacy projects are even stuck on Java 1.5 (released 2004) or 1.6 (released 2006) - sorry, pals!
If you are making sure to use the very latest IDEs, frameworks and build tools and starting a greenfield project, you can, without hesitation, use Java 11 (LTS) or even the latest Java 16.
There’s the special field of Android development, where the Java version is basically stuck at Java 7, with a specific set of Java 8 features available. Or you switch to using the Kotlin programming language.
Why are companies still stuck with Java 8?
There’s a mix of different reasons companies are still stuck with Java 8. To name a few:
Build tools (Maven, Gradle etc.) and some libraries initially had bugs with versions Java versions > 8 and needed updates. Even today, with e.g. Java >=9, certain build tools print out 'reflective access'-warnings when building Java projects, which simply 'feels not ready', even though the builds are fine.
Up until Java 8 you were pretty much using Oracle’s JDK builds and you did not have to care about licensing. Oracle changed the licensing scheme In 2019, though, which led the internet go crazy with a ton of articles saying 'Java is not free anymore' - and a fair amount of confusion followed. This is however not really an issue, which you’ll learn about in the Java Distributions section of this guide.
Some companies have policies to only use LTS versions and rely on their OS vendors to provide them these builds, which takes time.
To sum up: you have a mix of practical issues (upgrading your tools, libraries, frameworks) and political issues.
Why are some Java versions, like 8 also called 1.8?
Java versions before 9 simply had a different naming scheme. So, Java 8 can also be called 1.8, Java 5 can be called 1.5 etc. When you issued the 'java -version' command, with these versions you got output like this:
Which simply means Java 8. With the switch to time-based releases with Java 9 the naming scheme also changed, and Java versions aren’t prefixed with 1.x anymore. Now the version number looks like this:
What is the difference between the Java versions? Should I learn a specific one?
Coming from other programming languages with major breakages between releases, like say Python 2 to 3, you might be wondering if the same applies to Java.
Java is special in this regard, as it is extremely backwards compatible. This means that your Java 5 or 8 program is guaranteed to run with a Java 8-16 virtual machine - with a few exceptions you don’t need to worry about for now.
It obviously does not work the other way around, say your program relies on Java 14 features, that are simply not available under a Java 8 JVM.
You do not just 'learn' a specific Java version, like 12.
Rather, you’ll get a good foundation in all language features up until Java 8. This serves as a good base.
And then learn, from a guide like this, what additional features came in Java 9-14 and use them whenever you can.
What are examples of these new features between Java versions?
But as a rule of thumb: The older, longer release-cycles (3-5 years, up until Java 8) meant a lot of new features per release.
The 6-month release cycle means a lot less features, per release, so you can catch up quickly on Java 9-14 language features.
What is the difference between a JRE and a JDK?
Up until now, we have only been talking about 'Java'. But what is Java exactly?
First, you need to differentiate between a JRE (Java Runtime Environment) and a JDK (Java Development Kit).
Historically, you downloaded just a JRE if you were only interested in running Java programs. A JRE includes, among other things, the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) and the 'java' command line tool.
To develop new Java programs, you needed to download a JDK. A JDK includes everything the JRE has, as well as the compiler javac and a couple of other tools like javadoc (Java documentation generator) and jdb (Java Debugger).
Up until Java 8, the Oracle website offered JREs and JDKs as separate downloads - even though the JDK also always included a JRE in a separate folder. With Java 9 that distinction was basically gone, and you are always downloading a JDK. The directory structure of JDKs also changed, with not having an explicit JRE folder anymore.
So, even though some distributions (see Java Distributions section) still offer a separate JRE download, there seems to be the trend of offering just a JDK. Hence, we are going to use Java and JDK interchangeably from now on.
How do I install Java or a JDK then?
Ignore the Java-Docker images, .msi wrappers or platform-specific packages for the moment. In the end, Java is just a .zip file, nothing more, nothing less.
Therefore, all you need to do to install Java onto your machine, is to unzip your jdk-{5-14}.zip file. You don’t even need administrator rights for that.
The magic happens in the /bin directory, which under Windows looks like this:
So all you need to do is unzip that file and put the /bin directory in your PATH variable, so you can call the 'java' command from anywhere.
(In case you are wondering, GUI installers like the one from Oracle or AdoptOpenJDK will do the unzipping and modifying the PATH variable for you, that’s about it.)
To verify you installed Java correctly, you can then simply run 'java -version'. If the output looks like the one below, you are good to go.
Now there’s one question left: Where do you get that Java .zip file from? Which brings us to the topic of distributions.
Java Distributions
There’s a variety of sites offering Java (read: JDK) downloads and it is unclear 'who offers what and with which licensing'. This section will shed some light on this.
The OpenJDK project
In terms of Java source code (read: the source code for your JRE/JDK), there is only one, living at the OpenJDK project site.
This is just source code however, not a distributable build (think: your .zip file with the compiled java command for your specific operating system). In theory, you and I could produce a build from that source code, call it, say, MarcoJDK and start distributing it. But our distribution would lack certification, to be able to legally call ourselves Java SE compatible.
That’s why in practice, there’s a handful of vendors that actually create these builds, get them certified (see TCK) and then distribute them.
And while vendors cannot, say, remove a method from the String class before producing a new Java build, they can add branding (yay!) or add some other (e.g. CLI) utilities they deem useful. But other than that, the original source code is the same for all Java distributions.
OpenJDK builds (by Oracle) and OracleJDK builds
One of the vendors who builds Java from source is Oracle. This leads to two different Java distributions, which can be very confusing at first.
OpenJDK builds by Oracle(!). These builds are free and unbranded, but Oracle won’t release updates for older versions, say Java 15, as soon as Java 16 comes out.
OracleJDK, which is a branded, commercial build starting with the license change in 2019. Which means it can be used for free during development, but you need to pay Oracle if using it in production. For this, you get longer support, i.e. updates to versions and a telephone number you can call if your JVM goes crazy.
Now, historically (pre-Java 8) there were actual source differences between OpenJDK builds and OracleJDK builds, where you could say that OracleJDK was 'better'. But as of today, both versions are essentially the same, with minor differences.
It then boils down to you wanting paid, commercial support (a telephone number) for your installed Java version.
AdoptOpenJDK
In 2017, a group of Java User Group members, developers and vendors (Amazon, Microsoft, Pivotal, Redhat and others) started a community, called AdoptOpenJDK.
They provide free, rock-solid OpenJDK builds with longer availibility/updates and even offer you the choice of two different Java virtual machines: HotSpot and OpenJ9.
Highly recommended if you are looking to install Java.
Azul Zulu, Amazon Corretto, SAPMachine
You will find a complete list of OpenJDK builds at the OpenJDK Wikipedia site. Among them are Azul Zulu, Amazon Corretto as well as SapMachine, to name a few. To oversimplify it boils down to you having different support options/maintenance guarantees.
But make sure to check out the individual websites to learn about the advantages of each single distribution.
A Complete OpenJDK Distribution Overview
Rafael Winterhalter compiled a great list of all available OpenJDK builds, including their OS, architecture, licensing, support and maintenance windows.
Recommendation
To re-iterate from the beginning, in 2020, unless you have very specific requirements, go get your jdk.zip (.tar.gz/.msi/.pkg) file from https://adoptopenjdk.net or choose a package provided by your OS-vendor.
Java Features 8-16
As mentioned at the very beginning of this guide: Essentially all (don’t be picky now) Java 8 language features also work in Java 14. The same goes for all other Java versions in between.
Which in turns means that all language features from Java 8 serve as very good Java base knowledge and everything else (Java 9-14) is pretty much additional features on top of that baseline.
Here’s a quick overview of what the specific versions have to offer:
- Java 8 -
Java 8 was a massive release and you can find a list of all features at the Oracle website. There’s two main feature sets I’d like to mention here, though:
Language Features: Lambdas etc.
Before Java 8, whenever you wanted to instantiate, for example, a new Runnable, you had to write an anonymous inner class like so:
With lambdas, the same code looks like this:
You also got method references, repeating annotations, default methods for interfaces and a few other language features.
Collections & Streams
In Java 8 you also got functional-style operations for collections, also known as the Stream API. A quick example:
Now pre-Java 8 you basically had to write for-loops to do something with that list.
If you want more Java 8 practice
Obviously, I can only give a quick overview of each newly added Stream, Lambda or Optional method in Java 8 in the scope of this guide.
If you want a more detailed, thorough overview - including exercises - you can have a look at my Java 8 core features course.
- Java 9 -
Java 9 also was a fairly big release, with a couple of additions:
Collections
Collections got a couple of new helper methods, to easily construct Lists, Sets and Maps.
Streams
Streams got a couple of additions, in the form of takeWhile,dropWhile,iterate methods.
Optionals
Optionals got the sorely missed ifPresentOrElse method.
Interfaces
Other Language Features
And a couple of other improvements, like an improved try-with-resources statement or diamond operator extensions.
JShell
Finally, Java got a shell where you can try out simple commands and get immediate results.
HTTPClient
Java 9 brought the initial preview version of a new HttpClient. Up until then, Java’s built-in Http support was rather low-level, and you had to fall back on using third-party libraries like Apache HttpClient or OkHttp (which are great libraries, btw!).
With Java 9, Java got its own, modern client - although in preview mode, which means subject to change in later Java versions.
Project Jigsaw: Java Modules and Multi-Release Jar Files
Java 9 got the Jigsaw Module System, which somewhat resembles the good old OSGI specification. It is not in the scope of this guide to go into full detail on Jigsaw, but have a look at the previous links to learn more.
Multi-Release .jar files made it possible to have one .jar file which contains different classes for different JVM versions. So your program can behave differently/have different classes used when run on Java 8 vs. Java 10, for example.
If you want more Java 9 practice
Again, this is just a quick overview of Java 9 features and if you want more thorough explanations and exercises, have a look at the Java 9 core features course.
- Java 10 -
There have been a few changes to Java 10, like Garbage Collection etc. But the only real change you as a developer will likely see is the introduction of the 'var'-keyword, also called local-variable type inference.
Local-Variable Type Inference: var-keyword
Feels Javascript-y, doesn’t it? It is still strongly typed, though, and only applies to variables inside methods (thanks, dpash, for pointing that out again).
- Java 11 -
Java 11 was also a somewhat smaller release, from a developer perspective.
Strings & Files
Strings and Files got a couple new methods (not all listed here):
Run Source Files
Starting with Java 10, you can run Java source files without having to compile them first. A step towards scripting.
Local-Variable Type Inference (var) for lambda parameters
HttpClient
The HttpClient from Java 9 in its final, non-preview version.
Other stuff
Flight Recorder, No-Op Garbage Collector, Nashorn-Javascript-Engine deprecated etc.
- Java 12 -
Java 12 got a couple new features and clean-ups, but the only ones worth mentioning here are Unicode 11 support and a preview of the new switch expression, which you will see covered in the next section.
- Java 13 -
You can find a complete feature list here, but essentially you are getting Unicode 12.1 support, as well as two new or improved preview features (subject to change in the future):
Switch Expression (Preview)
Switch expressions can now return a value. And you can use a lambda-style syntax for your expressions, without the fall-through/break issues:
Whereas with Java 13, switch statements can look like this:
Multiline Strings (Preview)
Java 14
Switch Expression (Standard)
The switch expressions that were preview in versions 12 and 13, are now standardized.
Records (Preview)
There are now record classes, which help alleviate the pain of writing a lot of boilerplate with Java.
Have a look at this pre Java 14 class, which only contains data, (potentially) getters/setters, equals/hashcode, toString.
With records, it can now be written like this:
Again, this is a preview feature and subject to change in future releases.
Helpful NullPointerExceptions
Finally NullPointerExceptions describe exactly which variable was null.
Pattern Matching For InstanceOf (Preview)
Whereas previously you had to (cast) your objects inside an instanceof like this:
You can now do this, effectively dropping the cast.
Packaging Tool (Incubator)
There’s an incubating jpackage tool, which allows to package your Java application into platform-specific packages, including all necessary dependencies.
Linux: deb and rpm
macOS: pkg and dmg
Windows: msi and exe
Garbage Collectors
The Concurrent Mark Sweep (CMS) Garbage Collector has been removed, and the experimental Z Garbage Collector has been added.
Java 15
Text-Blocks / Multiline Strings
Introduced as an experimental feature in Java 13 (see above), multiline strings are now production-ready.
Sealed Classes - Preview
If you ever wanted to have an even closer grip on who is allowed to subclass your classes, there’s now the sealed feature.
This means that while the class is public, the only classes allowed to subclass Shape are Circle, Rectangle and Square.
Records & Pattern Matching
The Records and Pattern Matching features from Java 14 (see above), are still in preview and not yet finalized.
Nashorn JavaScript Engine
After having been deprecated in Java 11, the Nashorn Javascript Engine was now finally removed in JDK 15.
ZGC: Production Ready
The Z Garbage Collector is not marked experimental anymore. It’s now production-ready.
Java 16
Unix-Domain Socket Channels
You can now connect to Unix domain sockets (also supported by macOS and Windows (10+).
Foreign Linker API - Preview
A planned replacement for JNI (Java Native Interface), allowing you to bind to native libraries (think C).
Records & Pattern Matching
Both features are now production-ready, and not marked in preview anymore.
Sealed Classes
Sealed Classes (from Java 15, see above) are still in preview.
Java 17 and later
Will be covered here, as soon as they are getting released. Check back soon.
Fin
By now you should have a pretty good overview of a couple things:
How to install Java, which version to get and where to get it from (hint: AdoptOpenJDK).
What a Java distribution is, which ones exist and what the differences are.
What the differences between the specific Java versions are.
Feedback, corrections and random input is always welcome! Simply leave a comment down below.
Acknowledgements
Stephen Colebourne, who wrote a fantastic article on the different, available Java distributions.
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